====== Manet routing papes ====== ===== IP Links in Multihop Ad Hoc Wireless Networks? ===== Emmanuel Baccelli E-mail: Emmanuel.Baccelli@inria.fr INRIA Saclay, France Thomas Clausen, Ulrich Herberg Ecole Polytechnique, France Charles Perkins Wichorus Abstract A number of efforts currently aim at scalable and efficient mobile ad hoc routing, an essential piece concerning the integration of such networks in the Internet. However, there is another independent and important issue, namely, how can existing Internet networks and ad hoc networks co- exist coherently within the same protocol architecture. A fundamental concept in the IP protocol suite is that of a link. The link concept has so far been key to the scalability of IP networking. This paper identifies and discusses issues regarding the formalisation of a similar concept in the multi- hop ad hoc networking context – one of the first steps that must be taken in the near future, in order to be able to accomodate ad hoc networks in the Internet ===== MANET ===== ==== Wireless Ad Hoc Networks ==== Zygmunt J. Haas, Jing Deng, Ben Liang, Panagiotis Papadimitratos, and S. Sajama Cornell University - School of Electrical and Computer Engineering 323 Rhodes Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 Tel: (607) 255-3454, Fax: (607) 255-9072 e-mail: {haas, jing, liang, papadp, sajama}@ece.cornell.edu URL: http://www.ece.cornell.edu/~haas/wnl/html Abstract: A mobile ad hoc network is a relatively new term for an old technology - a network that does not rely on pre-existing infrastructure. Roots of this technology could be traced back to the early 1970s with the DARPA PRNet and the SURAN projects. The new twitch is the application of this technology in the non-military communication environments. Additionally, the research community has also recently addressed some extended features of this technology, such as multicasting and security. Also numerous new solutions to the "old" problems of routing and medium access control have been proposed. This survey attempts to summarize the state-of- the-art of the ad hoc networking technology in four areas: routing, medium access control, multicasting, and security. Where possible, comparison between the proposed protocols is also discussed. Keywords: ad hoc networks, MANET, MAC protocols for ad hoc network, routing protocols for ad hoc networks, proactive routing protocols, reactive routing protocols, hybrid routing protocols, multicasting for ad hoc networks, security for ad hoc networks, ==== Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks ==== Silvia Giordano Abstract: Ad-hoc networks are a key in the evolution of wireless networks. Ad-hoc networks are typically composed of equal nodes, which communicate over wireless links without any central control. Ad-hoc wireless networks inherit the traditional problems of wireless and mobile communications, such as bandwidth optimisation, power control and transmission quality enhancement. In addition, the multi-hop nature and the lack of fixed infrastructure brings new research problems such as configuration advertising, discovery and maintenance, as well as ad-hoc addressing and self-routing. Many different approaches and protocols have been proposed and there are even multiple standardization efforts within the Internet Engineering Task Force, as well as academic and industrial projects. This chapter focuses on the state of the art in mobile ad-hoc networks. It highlights some of the emerging technologies, protocols, and approaches (at different layers) for realizing network services for users on the move in areas with possibly no pre-existing communications infrastructure. ==== Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations ==== Abstract This memo first describes the characteristics of Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs), and their idiosyncrasies with respect to traditional, hardwired packet networks. It then discusses the effect these differences have on the design and evaluation of network control protocols with an emphasis on routing performance evaluation considerations. ==== Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and the IETF ==== Joseph P. Mackera M. Scott Corsonb macker@itd.nrl.navy.mil corson@isr.umd.edu a Information Technology Division, Naval Research Laboratory Washington, DC, USA b Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA Abstract: This article is the first in a series intended to chronicle the status of work underway within the Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANET) Working Group of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). This article provides a short history and high-level, conceptual tutorial of MANET technology. We present an overview of the working group’s vision and charter, and a glimpse into a technical archi- tecture under consideration for achieving this vision. ==== Mitigating Routing Misbehavior in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks ==== Sergio Marti, T.J. Giuli, Kevin Lai, and Mary Baker Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 U.S.A Abstract: put in an ad hoc network in the presence of nodes that agree to forward packets but fail to do so. To mitigate this prob- lem, we propose categorizing nodes based upon their dynam- ically measured behavior. We use a watchdog that identifies misbehaving nodes and a patl~rater that helps routing pro- tocols avoid these nodes. Through simulation we evaluate watchdog and pathrater using packet throughput, percent- age of overhead (routing) transmissions, and the accuracy of misbehaving node detection. When used together in a net- work with moderate mobility, the two techniques increase throughput by 17% in the presence of 40% misbehaving nodes, while increasing the percentage of overhead transmis- sions from the standard routing protocol's 9% to 17%. Dur- ing extreme mobility, watchdog and pathrater can increase network throughput by 27%, while increasing the overhead transmissions from the standard routing protocol's 12% to 24%. ==== Location-Aided Routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks ∗ ==== Young-Bae Ko and Nitin H. Vaidya - Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3112, USA Abstract: A mobile ad hoc network consists of wireless hosts that may move often. Movement of hosts results in a change in routes, requiring some mechanism for determining new routes. Several routing protocols have already been proposed for ad hoc networks. This paper suggests an approach to utilize location information (for instance, obtained using the global positioning system) to improve performance of routing protocols for ad hoc networks. By using location information, the proposed Location-Aided Routing (LAR) protocols limit the search for a new route to a smaller “request zone” of the ad hoc network. This results in a significant reduction in the number of routing messages. We present two algorithms to determine the request zone, and also suggest potential optimizations to our algorithms. ==== Multi-hop Ad Hoc Wireless Communication ==== draft-baccelli-manet-multihop-communication-01 Abstract: This document describes some characteristics of communication between nodes in a multi-hop ad hoc wireless network. These are not requirements in the sense usually understood as applying to formulation of a requirements document. Nevertheless, protocol engineers and system analysts involved with designing solutions for ad hoc networks must maintain awareness of these characteristics. ==== Analysis of TCP Performance over Mobile Ad Hoc Networks ==== GAVIN HOLLAND - Department of Computer Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3112, USA NITIN VAIDYA - Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA Abstract: Mobile ad hoc networks have attracted attention lately as a means of providing continuous network connectivity to mobile computing devices regardless of physical location. Recent research has focused primarily on the routing protocols needed in such an environment. In this paper, we investigate the effects that link breakage due to mobility has on TCP performance. Through simulation, we show that TCP throughput drops significantly when nodes move, due to TCP’s inability to recognize the difference between link failure and congestion. We also analyze specific examples, such as a situation where throughput is zero for a particular connection. We introduce a new metric, expected throughput, for the comparison of throughput in multi-hop networks, and then use this metric to show how the use of explicit link failure notification (ELFN) techniques can significantly improve TCP performance. ==== Headline ==== abstract: ===== MANET routing ===== ==== Testbed on a desktop: strategies and techniques to support multi-hop MANET routing protocol development ==== ==== Performance comparison of two on-demand routing protocols for ad hoc networks (2000) ==== by Samir R. Das , Charles E. Perkins tags: ondemand, DSR, AODV, short about DSR, AODV Abstract — Ad hoc networks are characterized by multihop wireless connectivity, frequently changing network topology and the need for efficient dynamic routing protocols. We compare the performance of two prominent ondemand routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks — Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing (AODV). A detailed simulation model with MAC and physical layer models is used to study interlayer interactions and their performance implications. We demonstrate that even though DSR and AODV share a similar on-demand behavior, the differences in the protocol mechanics can lead to significant performance differentials. The performance differentials are analyzed using varying network load, mobility and network size. Based on the observations, we make recommendations about how the performance of either protocol can be improved. ==== The Performance of Query Control Schemes for the Zone Routing Protocol ==== by Zygmunt J. Haas, Senior Member, IEEE and Marc R. Pearlman, Member, IEEE tags: intro reactive, proactive Abstract—In this paper, we study the performance of route query control mechanisms for the Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) for ad hoc networks. ZRP proactively maintains routing infor- mation for a local neighborhood (routing zone), while reactively acquiring routes to destinations beyond the routing zone. This hybrid routing approach can be more efficient than traditional routing schemes. However, without proper query control tech- niques, the ZRP cannot provide the expected reduction in the control traffic. Our proposed query control schemes exploit the structure of the routing zone to provide enhanced detection and prevention of over- lapping queries. These techniques can be applied to single- or mul- tiple-channel ad hoc networks to improve both the delay and con- trol traffic performance of ZRP. Our query control mechanisms allow ZRP to provide routes to all accessible network nodes, with less control traffic than purely proactive link state or purely reac- tive route discovery, and with less delay than conventional flood searching. Index Terms—Ad hoc network, bordercast, hybrid routing, proactive routing, query control, reactive routing, routing pro- tocol, routing zone, zone routing protocol, ZRP. ===== OLSR ===== ==== IEEE 802.11-based Wireless Mesh Network Testbed ==== Abstract—In this paper, an IEEE 802.11-based wireless mesh network testbed is developed to evaluate the performance of wireless mesh networks in real environment. The proposed testbed consists of mesh routers and mesh clients, where the mesh routers have minimal mobility and form the backbone of the wireless mesh network. In order to build the proposed 802.11-based wireless mesh network testbed, both an ARM-based embedded Linux development board and an Intel x86-based laptop PC were used to implement the mesh routers and mesh clients. Multimedia services such as voice, video and text were also used in order to confirm the functions of the testbed components, the mesh routers and mesh clients. Keywords: IEEE 802.11, wireless mesh networks, mesh router, mesh client, olsrd, testbed. ===== Hybrid MANET-DTN ===== ==== DTN overlay on OLSR network ==== ==== Content and host-centric information dissemination in delay-tolerant smartphone MANETs: An architecture and demonstration ==== P Sharma, J Biddle, A Daubman, E Fiore… - … (NOMS), 2012 IEEE, 2012 - ieeexplore.ieee.org Abstract Usage of mobile commercial communication devices is continually increasing. However, these devices require a fixed infrastructure and do not function in mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) characterized by large delays or disruptions. Furthermore, these ... ==== A DTN routing on OLSR for VANET: A preliminary road experiment ==== P Mekbungwan, A Tunpan, LFS Borlido… - Global Information …, 2011 - ieeexplore.ieee.org Abstract We conducted road experiments to evaluate our recently proposed DTN routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Network running OLSR Our DTN routing protocol, DTS-OLSR relies on a DHT-driven framework called Structured Mesh Overlay Network (SMON) which runs in ...