Table of Contents
Presentation
Creating presentation
Organizing
- Choose an appropriate presentation structure: topical, chronological, classification by categories, problem and solution, or cause and effect.
- Divide the body of your presentation into three to five main points.
- The conclusion should include a summary of the main points of the presentation and leave the audience with something that is worth remembering and pondering.
- Include questions in your presentation, which should be asked once every 10 minutes to engage the audience.
- The final slide should contain a message thanking the audience, your contact details, and information about the availability of speaker notes, materials, and feedback tools.
8 basic relationship categories:
Most relationships between elements fall under one of the 8categories. These categories are not exhaustive. But, they definitely cover the most common types. So, if you can recognize these basic relationships, you’ll more or less get your chart selection right. The basic relationship categories are:
- Hierarchy
- Cause and effect
- Flow
- Part - whole
- Compare and Contrast
- Filters and funnels
- Matrix and
- List
Presenting Speaking
http://www.accuconference.com/resources/effective-presentations.aspx
- Avoid slang and jargon.
- Use anecdotes and practical examples to make complicated concepts more comprehensible.
- Speak in varying tones and pitches to give emphasis to certain words and ideas.
- Deliver your speech slowly and clearly.
- Make sure that the people sitting at the back of the hall can hear you clearly, but do not speak so loud that it appears as if you are shouting.
- Maintain an upright but relaxed posture while you are speaking, and do not lean forward or backward.
- Leave your arms on the podium or by your sides when you are not using them to make gestures.
- When gesturing, make sure that it is natural and spontaneous.
- Maintain eye contact with the audience.
- Wear clothes with simple cuts and neutral tones, and make sure that they are comfortable.
Conf talk
Things to Think About
- Oral Communication is different from written communication
Listeners have one chance to hear your talk and can't “re-read” when they get confused. In many situations, they have or will hear several talks on the same day. Being clear is particularly important if the audience can't ask questions during the talk. There are two well-know ways to communicate your points effectively. The first is to K.I.S.S. (keep it simple stupid). Focus on getting one to three key points across. Think about how much you remember from a talk last week. Second, repeat key insights: tell them what you're going to tell them (Forecast), tell them, and tell them what you told them (Summary).
- Think about your audience
- Most audiences should be addressed in layers: some are experts in your sub-area, some are experts in the general area, and others know little or nothing. Who is most important to you? Can you still leave others with something? For example, pitch the body to experts, but make the forecast and summary accessible to all.
- Think about your rhetorical goals
For conference talks, for example, I recommend two rhetorical goals: leave your audience with a clear picture of the gist of your contribution, and make them want to read your paper. Your presentation should not replace your paper, but rather whet the audience appetite for it. Thus, it is commonly useful to allude to information in the paper that can't be covered adequately in the presentation. Below I consider goals for academic interview talks and class presentations.
- Practice in public
It is hard distilling work down to 20 or 30 minutes.
- Prepare
See David Patterson's How to Give a Bad Talk
A Generic Conference Talk Outline
This conference talk outline is a starting point, not a rigid template. Most good speakers average two minutes per slide (not counting title and outline slides), and thus use about a dozen slides for a twenty minute presentation.
Title/author/affiliation (1 slide)
Forecast (1 slide)
Give gist of problem attacked and insight found (What is the one idea you want people to leave with? This is the "abstract" of an oral presentation.)
Outline (1 slide)
Give talk structure. Some speakers prefer to put this at the bottom of their title slide. (Audiences like predictability.)
Background
Motivation and Problem Statement (1-2 slides)
(Why should anyone care? Most researchers overestimate how much the audience knows about the problem they are attacking.)
Related Work (0-1 slides)
Cover superficially or omit; refer people to your paper.
Methods (1 slide)
Cover quickly in short talks; refer people to your paper.
Results (4-6 slides)
Present key results and key insights. This is main body of the talk. Its internal structure varies greatly as a function of the researcher's contribution. (Do not superficially cover all results; cover key result well. Do not just present numbers; interpret them to give insights. Do not put up large tables of numbers.)
Summary (1 slide)
Future Work (0-1 slides)
Optionally give problems this research opens up.
Backup Slides (0-3 slides)
Optionally have a few slides ready (not counted in your talk total) to answer expected questions. (Likely question areas: ideas glossed over, shortcomings of methods or results, and future work.)
Academic Interview Talks
The rhetorical goal for any interview talk is very different than a conference talk. The goal of a conference talk is to get people interested in your paper and your work. The goal of an interview talk is to get a job, for which interest in your work is one part.
There are two key audiences for an academic interview talk, and you have to reach both. One is the people in your sub-area, who you must impress with the depth of your contribution. The other is the rest of the department, who you must get to understand your problem, why it is important, and a hand-wave at what you did. Both audiences will evaluate how well you speak as an approximation of how well you can teach.
An algorithm:
- Take a 20-minute conference talk.
- Expand the 5 minute introduction to 20 minutes to drive home the problem, why it's important, and the gist of what you've done.
- Do the rest of the conference talk, minus the summary and future work.
- Add 10 minutes of deeper stuff from your thesis (to show your depth). It is okay lose people outside of your sub-area (as long as you get them back in the next bullet).
- Do the summary and future work from the conference talk in a manner accessible to all.
- Add 10 ten minutes to survey all the other stuff you have done (to show your breadth).
- Save 5 minutes for questions (to show that you are organized).
Other Talks
Other talks should be prepared using the same principles of considering audience and rhetorical purpose. A presentation on a project in a graduate class, for example, seeks to reach the professor first and fellow students second. Its purpose is to get a good grade by impressing people that a quality project was done. Thus, methods should be described in must more detail than for a conference talk. Acknowledgments Thanks to Jim Goodman, Jim Larus, and David Patterson for their useful comments. The current on-line version of this document appears at URL